Glossary

Introduction and Overview

Sumburgh is a small Settlement located at the southern TIP of Mainland, the largest Island in the Shetland archipelago of Scotland. With a population of approximately 100 residents, it is known for its rich History, significant archaeological sites, and the Sumburgh Airport, which serves as a primary Gateway to the Shetland Islands.

Historical Background

The area around Sumburgh has been inhabited for over 4,000 years. The nearby archaeological site, Jarlshof, reveals a complex of ancient settlements, including late Neolithic houses, a Bronze Age village, an Iron Age broch and wheelhouses, a Norse longhouse, a medieval farmstead, and a 16th-century laird’s house. This extensive history provides insight into the various cultures and peoples who have lived in the region over millennia.

Geography and Climate

Sumburgh is situated on Sumburgh Head, a prominent headland characterized by steep cliffs rising approximately 100 meters above sea level. The area experiences a maritime climate, with cool summers and mild winters, accompanied by frequent winds and precipitation. The rugged coastline and exposed position contribute to its dramatic landscapes and diverse wildlife habitats.

Culture and Lifestyle

The culture of Sumburgh is deeply intertwined with its maritime heritage and natural environment. Residents often engage in activities such as Birdwatching, given the area's significance as a seabird nesting site. Traditional Shetland music and crafts are also integral to the local lifestyle, reflecting a blend of Scottish and Norse influences.

Economy and Industry

The local economy is primarily supported by tourism, driven by attractions like Jarlshof and the Sumburgh Head Lighthouse and Nature Reserve. Additionally, Sumburgh Airport facilitates Connectivity and contributes to the economy by supporting travel and Transport services essential for both residents and visitors.

Architecture and Landmarks

Notable landmarks in Sumburgh include the Sumburgh Head Lighthouse, designed by Robert Stevenson and first lit in 1821. The lighthouse now houses a visitor center and nature reserve, offering insights into maritime history and local wildlife. The Jarlshof archaeological site is another significant Landmark, showcasing well-preserved structures from various historical periods.

parks and Recreation

Sumburgh Head serves as a nature reserve managed by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB). The reserve provides opportunities for birdwatching, particularly during the breeding Season when species such as puffins, fulmars, and guillemots are present. The area also offers scenic walking paths along the cliffs, allowing visitors to experience the dramatic coastal scenery.

Transportation and Connectivity

Sumburgh is accessible via Sumburgh Airport, which offers flights connecting the Shetland Islands to mainland Scotland and other destinations. The settlement is connected by road to other parts of Mainland, Shetland, facilitating travel by car or bus. Ferry services from nearby Grutness provide access to Fair Isle, further enhancing connectivity.

Tourism and Attractions

Tourists are drawn to Sumburgh for its rich archaeological heritage, exemplified by Jarlshof, and the Sumburgh Head Lighthouse and Nature Reserve. The area's natural beauty, abundant wildlife, and historical significance make it a compelling Destination for visitors interested in history, nature, and Outdoor activities.

Weblinks

• Sumburgh Head Lighthouse, Visitor Centre and Nature Reserve:
  sumburghhead.com
• Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement:
  visitscotland.com
• RSPB Sumburgh Head Nature Reserve:
  rspb.org.uk

Summary

Sumburgh, though small in population, offers a unique blend of historical depth, natural beauty, and cultural richness. Its archaeological sites provide a window into ancient civilizations, while its coastal landscapes and wildlife reserves offer serene and scenic experiences. As a gateway to the Shetland Islands, Sumburgh stands out as a destination where history and nature converge.